I've decided to write about what I really missed when I first began my studies on Java programming, namely, what needs to be studied and in what order:
From the very first levels of the course, you can begin a parallel study of database management systems (In my case, it was MySQL on sql-ex.ru. Roughly the first 70 tasks will be enough) and work through the free HTML Academy course. There you'll learn about HTML and CSS.
Once you feel you've more or less understood the basics of Java Core (corresponding to Level 15 on CodeGym, I think), come up with a project that you will find personally interesting and useful. You'll have something to show and talk about at interviews.
I recommend climbing to Level 40 on CodeGym.
After Level 20, start exploring things like version control systems (Git, githowto.com) and figure out what Maven is.
After Level 30, start mastering Hibernate.
At the finish line, before finding a job, you should take a deep drink of Spring (Read "Spring 4 for Professionals").
JavaSE (here you should know everything, though there is some leniency when it comes to multithreading)
JDBC, MySQL (you should have a good mastery)
HTML, CSS (everything is quite simple here, no deep knowledge is needed here)
JUnit (nobody said testing isn't necessary)
Git (publish your own project, you'll figure out how)
Maven (nothing complicated here, figure it out)
Hibernate (this is where the difficulties begin)
Spring (I'm only delve into it myself, I regret that I didn't start earlier)
