Konsep OOP ing Jawa

Enkapsulasi

Cara kerjane ing Jawa:

1. Lapangan digawe pribadi
2. Saben lapangan ing kelas entuk rong cara khusus: getter lan setter. Metode getter ngasilake nilai lapangan. Cara setter ngidini sampeyan ngganti nilai lapangan kanthi cara ora langsung nanging diidinake.

Tuladha enkapsulasi ing kode Jawa:

public class Student {
private int age;
private String name;

public int getAge() {
return age;
}

public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}

public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}

public class Test{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Student firstStudent = new Student();
firstStudent.setName("John");
// The name field is private, so you can no longer do this:  firstStudent.name = "John";
}
}

Napa sampeyan kudu nggunakake enkapsulasi?

public class HockeyStudent {
public String name;
public  int ageOfEnrollment;
}

pusaka

Cara kerjane ing Jawa:

1. Nggawe kelas induk.
2. Nggawe kelas anak nggunakake tembung kunci ngluwihi .
3. Ing konstruktor kelas Anak, gunakake metode super(parentField1, parentField2, ...) kanggo nyetel kolom wong tuwa.

Student firstStudent = new Student();

Sawetara aturan:

1. Siji kelas mung bisa duwe siji wong tuwa.
2. Siji kelas wong tuwa bisa duwe akeh kelas anak.
3. Kelas bocah bisa duwe kelas anak dhewe.

Tuladha pusaka ing aksara jawa

public class Phone {
    int price;
    double weight;

// Constructor
public Phone(int price, double weight) {
        this.price = price;
        this.weight = weight;
    }

    void orderPhone(){
        System.out.println("Ordering phone...");
    }
}

Tuladha pusaka ing basa Jawa

public class Android extends Phone {

// Some new fields
String androidVersion;
int screenSize;

    String secretDeviceCode;

// Constructor
    public Android(int price, double weight, String androidVersion, int screenSize, String secretDeviceCode) {
        super(price, weight); // Android inherits Phone’s fields

        //this - reference to the current object
        //super - reference to the parent object

        this.androidVersion = androidVersion;
        this.screenSize = screenSize;
        this.secretDeviceCode = secretDeviceCode;
    }

	// New Android-specific method, does not exist in the Phone class
    void installNewAndroidVersion() {
        System.out.println("installNewAndroidVersion invoked...");

    }

}

public class IPhone extends Phone {

    boolean fingerPrint;

    public IPhone(int price, double weight, boolean fingerPrint) {
        super(price, weight);
        System.out.println("IPhone constructor was invoked...");
        this.fingerPrint = fingerPrint;
    }

    void deleteIPhoneFromDb() {
        System.out.println("deleteIPhoneFromDb invoked...");
    }

@Override // This is about polymorphism, see below
void orderPhone(){
        System.out.println("Ordering my new iPhone and deleting the old one...");
    }
}

Polimorfisme

Apa tegese lan cara kerjane ing Jawa:

Metode overriding

Tuladha polimorfisme ing kode Jawa

public class Musician {
    String name;
    int age;

    // Default constructor
    public Musician() {
    }

    // Parameterized constructor
    public Musician(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    void play() {
        System.out.println("I am playing my instrument...");
    }
}

public class Pianist extends Musician {

    String favoritePianoType;

    public Pianist(String name, int age, String favoritePianoType) {
        super(name, age);
        this.favoritePianoType = favoritePianoType;
    }


    @Override
void play(){
        System.out.println("I am playing the piano...");
    }
}

public class Violinist extends Musician {
    boolean isSoloist;

public Violinist(String name, int age, boolean isSoloist) {
            super(name, age);
            this.isSoloist = isSoloist;
        }


    @Override
void play(){
if (isSoloist)
        System.out.println("I am playing the violin solo...");
else
System.out.println("I am playing the violin in an orchestra...");

    }
}

public class Demo {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
  Musician musician = new Musician();
  Violinist violinist = new Violinist("John", 32, true);
  Pianist pianist = new Pianist("Glen", 30, "Acoustic");

  System.out.println("Musician said:");
  musician.play();
  System.out.println("Violinist said:");
  violinist.play();
  System.out.println("Pianist said:");
  pianist.play();
    }
}

Musician said:
I am playing my instrument...
Violinist said:
I am playing the violin solo…
Pianist said:
I am playing the piano...

public class Pianist extends Musician {

    String favoritePianoType;

    @Override
    void play(){
        super.play();
        System.out.println("I am playing the piano...");
    }
}

Musician said:
I am playing my instrument...
Violinist said:
I am playing the violin solo...
Pianist said:
I am playing my instrument...
I am playing the piano...

Metode overloading

public class Pianist extends Musician {

    String name;
    int age;
    String favoritePianoType;

    @Override
    void play(){
        super.play();
        System.out.println("I am playing the piano...");
    }
    void play(boolean isElectricity){
        if (isElectricity) {
            System.out.println("The electricity is on.");
            System.out.println("I am playing the piano...");
        }
        else System.out.println("I can't play this without electricity.");
    }
}

void play(boolean isElectricity){
        if (isElectricity) {
            System.out.println("The electricity is on.");
            play();
        }
        else System.out.println("I can't play this without electricity.");
    }

public class Demo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Musician musician = new Musician();
        Violinist violinist = new Violinist("John", 23, true);
        Pianist pianist = new Pianist("Glen", 30, "Acoustic");

        System.out.println("Musician said:");
        musician.play();
        System.out.println("Violinist said:");
        violinist.play();
        System.out.println("Pianist said:");
        pianist.play();
        System.out.println("The pianist will now try the electric piano:");
        pianist.play(true);
        System.out.println("The electricity has been shut off. Now when trying the electric piano, the pianist says:");
        pianist.play(false);
    }
}

Musician said:
I am playing my instrument...
Violinist said:
I am playing the violin solo...
Pianist said:
I am playing my instrument...
I am playing the piano...
The pianist will now try the electric piano:
The electricity is on.
I am playing my instrument...
I am playing the piano...
The electricity has been shut off. Now when trying the electric piano, the pianist says:
I can't play this without electricity.

abstraksi

Cara kerjane ing Jawa:

1. Tingkat abstraksi sing paling murah yaiku obyek tartamtu. Iki minangka entitas kanthi sakumpulan karakteristik sing kalebu ing kelas tartamtu. Wis nilai lapangan tartamtu

2. Cithakan kanggo nggawe obyek yaiku kelas. Iki minangka katrangan babagan sakumpulan obyek kanthi sifat lan struktur internal sing padha.

3. Kelas abstrak minangka gambaran abstrak babagan karakteristik sakumpulan kelas (iku minangka cithakan kanggo warisan dening kelas liyane). Nduwe tingkat abstraksi sing dhuwur, mula ora bisa nggawe obyek langsung saka kelas abstrak. Mung kelas anak saka kelas abstrak sing bisa digunakake kanggo nggawe obyek. Kelas abstrak bisa uga kalebu metode kanthi implementasine, nanging iki dudu syarat.

4. Antarmuka minangka konstruk saka basa pamrograman Java sing mung ngemot metode umum abstrak lan kolom konstan statis (statis pungkasan). Ing tembung liyane, kelas abstrak utawa antarmuka ora bisa digunakake kanggo ngasilake obyek.

Tuladha antarmuka ing kode Jawa

interface Human {
	public void struggle();
	public void protect();
}

interface Vulcan {
	int angleOfPointyEars;
	public void turnOffEmotions(boolean isOn);
	public void telepathy();
}

The Spock class implements Human and Vulcan {
public void struggle() {
System.out.println("I am struggling...");
}
	public void protect() {
System.out.println("You are under my protection!”);
}
public void turnOffEmotions(boolean isOn){
If (isOn) {
System.out.println("I am turning off my emotions.");
isOn= !isOn;
}
}
	public void telepathy() {
System.out.println("Connecting to your brain...");
}

}