1. ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ(๋ฌธ์ž์—ด ๋ณ‘ํ•ฉ)

Java์—์„œ ๋ฌธ์ž์—ด๋กœ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งค๋„๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์ผ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ์ž์—ด์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ถ™์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ž‘์—…์„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: Con-Cat-en-Nation. ์ข…์ข… "๋ฌธ์ž์—ด ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ" ๋˜๋Š” "๋ฌธ์ž์—ด ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋‘ ์ค„์„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด +๋ถ€ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋งค์šฐ ์‰ฌ์›Œ์š”:

"value1" + "value2"
๋‘ ๋ฌธ์ž์—ด ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ

์˜ˆ:

์„ฑ๋ช… ๋ฉ”๋ชจ
String name = "Steve" + "Steve";
name๋ฌธ์ž์—ด์„ ํฌํ•จSteveSteve
String city = "New York" + "Steve";
city๋ฌธ์ž์—ด์„ ํฌํ•จNew YorkSteve
String message = "Hello! " + "Steve";
message๋ฌธ์ž์—ด์„ ํฌํ•จHello! Steve

๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋™์‹œ์— ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌธ์ž์—ด์„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋ฌธ์ž์—ด๊ณผ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์˜ˆ:

์„ฑ๋ช… ๋ฉ”๋ชจ
String name = "Steve";
String city = "New York";
String message = "Hello!" + city + name + city;
name๋ฌธ์ž์—ด์„ ํฌํ•จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค Steve
city๋ฌธ์ž์—ด์„ ํฌํ•จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค New York
message๋ฌธ์ž์—ด์„ ํฌํ•จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
Hello!New YorkSteveNew York

message ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์˜ˆ์—์„œ ๊ณต๋ฐฑ์ด ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์˜ ํ…์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ฝ๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ณต๋ฐฑ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋ ค๋ฉด ์ฝ”๋“œ์— ๊ณต๋ฐฑ์„ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ ํฐ๋”ฐ์˜ดํ‘œ๋กœ ๋ฌถ๊ธฐ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒ๊ฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

" "
ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๊ณต๋ฐฑ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ž์—ด

๊ทธ๊ฑด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ณ , ๋”ฐ์˜ดํ‘œ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ๊ณต๋ฐฑ์„ ๋„ฃ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด(์ฆ‰, ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ํฐ๋”ฐ์˜ดํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ์†์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ) ์ด๋ฅธ๋ฐ” "๋นˆ ๋ฌธ์ž์—ด"์ด ํ‘œ์‹œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

""
๋นˆ ๋ฌธ์ž์—ด

ํ•œํŽธ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ž์—ด์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์— ์ด ๋ฌธ์ž์—ด์„ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•˜๋ฉด ์•„๋ฌด ๊ฒƒ๋„ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์ž์—ด๊ณผ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•ด๋„ ์•„๋ฌด ์ผ๋„ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ์ž์—ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋งŒ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋กœ 0๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.



2. ๋ฌธ์ž์—ด๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜

์œ„์—์„œ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด Java ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ž๋Š” Java์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ณ€์ˆ˜, ๊ฐœ์ฒด ๋ฐ ํ‘œํ˜„์‹์„ ์œ ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค String.

๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ a๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ typeString ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์ž๋™์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์˜ˆ:

์„ฑ๋ช… ๋ฉ”๋ชจ
int a = 5;
String name = "Steve" + a;
name๋ฌธ์ž์—ด์„ ํฌํ•จSteve5
int a = 5;
String city = a + "New York" + a;
city๋ฌธ์ž์—ด์„ ํฌํ•จ5New York5
int number = 10;
String code = "Yo";
String message = "Hello! " + number + code;
message๋ฌธ์ž์—ด์„ ํฌํ•จHello! 10Yo

์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ชจ๋‘ int๊ณผ String๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์นจ์ฐฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ String.

์œ ํ˜• ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฐ์ˆ  ์—ฐ์‚ฐ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค String. ์ „์ฒด ๋ฌธ์ž์—ด์ด ์ˆซ์ž๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์˜ˆ:

์„ฑ๋ช… ๋ฉ”๋ชจ
int a = 5;
String name = "1" + a;
name๋ฌธ์ž์—ด์„ ํฌํ•จ15
int a = 5;
String city = a + "9" + a;
city๋ฌธ์ž์—ด์„ ํฌํ•จ595
int number = 10;
String code = "10";
String message = "" + number + code;
message๋ฌธ์ž์—ด์„ ํฌํ•จ1010

๋”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์—ฐ์‚ฐ์€ ์™ผ์ชฝ์—์„œ ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ์‹คํ–‰๋˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์†Œ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ:

์„ฑ๋ช… ๋ฉ”๋ชจ
int a = 5;
String name = a + a + "1" + a;
name๋ฌธ์ž์—ด์„ ํฌํ•จ1015
์ž‘์—… ์ˆœ์„œ:((a + a) + "1") + a

3. ๋ฌธ์ž์—ด์„ ์ˆซ์ž๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜

Java์—์„œ ์ˆซ์ž๋ฅผ ๋ฌธ์ž์—ด๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋นˆ ๋ฌธ์ž์—ด์— ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งŒํผ ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

String str"" + number;
์ˆซ์ž๋ฅผ ๋ฌธ์ž์—ด๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜

ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌธ์ž์—ด์„ ์ˆซ์ž๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”? ์Œ, ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌธ์ž์—ด์„ ์ˆซ์ž๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ฌธ์ž์—ด์ด ์ˆซ์ž๋กœ๋งŒ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํด๋ž˜์Šค ์—๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค Integer.

ํ•ด๋‹น ๋ฌธ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

int x = Integer.parseInt(string);

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ  ๋Š” ์ •์ˆ˜ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ์„ ์–ธ์ด๊ณ  , ๋Š”  ์ˆซ์ž๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ž์—ด(์ฆ‰, ์ˆซ์ž๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ ๋ฌธ์ž์—ด)์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.int xxstring

์˜ˆ:

์„ฑ๋ช… ๋ฉ”๋ชจ
String str = "123";
int number = Integer.parseInt(str);
number์ˆซ์ž๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค 123;
int number = Integer.parseInt("321");
number์ˆซ์ž๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จ321
int number = Integer.parseInt("321" + 0);
number์ˆซ์ž๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จ3210
int number = "321";
์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ปดํŒŒ์ผ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋Š” an int์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ’์€ a์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.String


4. ๋ฌธ์ž์—ด ์ž‘์—…์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•

๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์—…์˜ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค String.

length()๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•

์ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฌธ์ž์—ด์˜ ๊ธธ์ด , ์ฆ‰ ๋ฌธ์ž์—ด์— ํฌํ•จ๋œ ๋ฌธ์ž ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ length() ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

์˜ˆ:

์„ฑ๋ช… ๋ฉ”๋ชจ
String name = "Rome";
int count = name.length();
count๊ฐ’์„ ํฌํ•จ4
int count = "".length();
count๊ฐ’์„ ํฌํ•จ0
String name = "Rom";
int count = (name + 12).length();
count๊ฐ’์„ ํฌํ•จ5

์œ ํ˜•์ด ์ธ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ String, ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์‹์—์„œ๋„ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ๋ฅผ ํ˜ธ์ถœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

(name + 12).length()
length()ํ˜•์‹์ด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‹์—์„œ ๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ ํ˜ธ์ถœString

toLowerCase()๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•

์ด toLowerCase() ๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฌธ์ž์—ด์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌธ์ž๋ฅผ ์†Œ๋ฌธ์ž ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

์˜ˆ:

์„ฑ๋ช… ๋ฉ”๋ชจ
String name = "Rom";
String name2 = name.toLowerCase();
name2๋ฌธ์ž์—ด์„ ํฌํ•จrom
String name = "".toLowerCase();
name๋นˆ ๋ฌธ์ž์—ด์„ ํฌํ•จ
String name = "ROM123";
String name2 = name.toLowerCase();
name2๋ฌธ์ž์—ด์„ ํฌํ•จrom123

toUpperCase()๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•

์ด toUpperCase() ๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฌธ์ž์—ด์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌธ์ž๋ฅผ ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

์˜ˆ:

์„ฑ๋ช… ๋ฉ”๋ชจ
String name = "Rom";
String name2 = name.toUpperCase();
name2๋ฌธ์ž์—ด์„ ํฌํ•จROM
String name = "rom123";
String name2 = name.toUpperCase();
name2๋ฌธ์ž์—ด์„ ํฌํ•จROM123